According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2022, 43% of adults aged 18 and over worldwide were overweight (43% of men and 44% of women), and the obesity rate was 16%, a significant increase compared to 1990. Additionally, there are 37 million overweight children under the age of 5 globally, and the overweight rate among children and adolescents aged 5-19 rose from 8% in 1990 to 20% in 2022, with the obesity rate increasing from 2% to 8%. These figures indicate that obesity has become a common challenge for countries at all income levels worldwide.
For individuals who are extremely overweight, bariatric surgery can alleviate health risks associated with weight-related diseases. Bariatric surgery aims to alter the structure of the stomach and the method of food digestion and absorption through surgical means, helping patients reduce weight. In 2023, it is estimated that over 35,000 bariatric and metabolic surgeries were performed in China. Experts note that not everyone is suitable for bariatric surgery; it is considered only when exercise, diet, and medication interventions are ineffective. Additionally, while bariatric surgery addresses health threats caused by obesity, maintaining good dietary and exercise habits is essential for long-term success.
Bariatric and metabolic surgery have developed rapidly globally and have become crucial methods for treating obesity and related metabolic diseases. Early intestinal bypass and gastric bypass surgeries were widely adopted due to their effectiveness, but they had numerous complications. With the advancement of laparoscopic technology, bariatric surgeries have become less invasive, recovery is faster, and the safety and acceptance among patients have significantly improved. Newer procedures like sleeve gastrectomy have become popular due to their significant effects and fewer complications.
Currently, hundreds of thousands of bariatric surgeries are performed worldwide each year, with the United States, Brazil, and European countries accounting for a large proportion. These surgeries not only significantly reduce weight but also improve or even cure various metabolic diseases. With advances in technology and postoperative care, the safety of the surgeries has greatly improved, and the incidence of postoperative complications has significantly decreased.
High-income countries have higher surgery rates, and the demand for surgeries is also gradually increasing in middle and low-income countries. In the future, with the development of new surgical technologies, personalized treatment plans, and the application of comprehensive treatment models, bariatric and metabolic surgery will continue to develop globally, providing more effective means for treating obesity and related diseases.
Bariatric and metabolic surgeries have strict indications. According to current guidelines, individuals with a BMI ≥ 27.5, who cannot control their weight through lifestyle changes and medical treatment, and have at least two components of metabolic syndrome or complications, may consider surgery after a comprehensive evaluation. From the perspective of patient benefits, bariatric and metabolic surgeries not only reduce weight or BMI but also alleviate conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, and polycystic ovary syndrome. It is currently recognized as the only long-term effective bariatric treatment.
The food we consume first enters the stomach, where digestion begins, before moving into the intestines for further digestion and nutrient absorption into the body. Bariatric surgery typically involves one or both of the following procedures:
1. Reducing the size of the stomach to limit food intake.
2. Bypassing part of the intestines to reduce nutrient absorption.
As a minimally invasive surgical treatment, these surgeries reduce intake and absorption by "shrinking the stomach" or "bypassing the intestines," improving endocrine metabolism. The procedures can be completed with 3-4 small incisions of 0.5 cm-1 cm on the abdomen. Currently, three common surgical methods are supported by medical technology:
Sleeve Gastrectomy: Part of the stomach is removed, leaving a small tube-shaped stomach.
Gastric Bypass Surgery: A small stomach pouch is created and connected to the middle section of the small intestine.
Adjustable Gastric Band Surgery: A band is placed around the upper part of the stomach to restrict its size.
These three methods vary in operational difficulty, treatment effects, and complication rates, so the choice of surgery should be based on the patient's specific condition. Currently, gastric bypass surgery provides relatively ideal treatment outcomes for most obese and diabetic patients in China.
In minimally invasive bariatric surgeries, clinicians typically use laparoscopic staplers for cutting, severing, and anastomosis of the stomach and intestines, and ultrasonic scalpels for cutting and hemostasis of blood vessels and other soft tissues. As a high-end medical device developer and manufacturer, EziSurg Medical has developed a series of staplers, which have evolved to electric versions. The ultrasonic scalpel can be used for vessels within 5mm. Currently, EziSurg Medical's products have entered over 1,000 hospitals in China, with 40% of these being tertiary hospitals. Their international business has reached over 70 countries and regions.
As a national high-tech enterprise in China and a "Little Giant" specialized in new technologies recognized by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, EziSurg Medical continuously innovates steadily, adhering to the concept of technological innovation with clinical and health economic value. EziSurg Medical is dedicated to providing high-quality, affordable medical products and solutions to doctors and patients worldwide, contributing to the high-quality development of the medical device industry.
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